Polish grammar

The seven Polish cases

Learn what each Polish case does, how endings change, and how to recognize the form inside a real sentence.

1MianownikNominativekto? co?The base form, the sentence subject, noun genders, and agreement with the verb.Study now 2DopełniaczGenitivekogo? czego?Absence, possession, quantity, and many prepositional expressions.Study now 3CelownikDativekomu? czemu?The person or thing that receives, experiences, or benefits from an action.Study now 4BiernikAccusativekogo? co?The direct object and destinations used with selected prepositions.Study now 5NarzędnikInstrumentalz kim? z czym?Company, means, and descriptions after selected structures.Study now 6MiejscownikLocativeo kim? o czym?Location and topic after prepositions such as w, na, and o.Study now

7WołaczVocativeo!The form used to call or address someone directly.Coming soon